1. Kupanga kwanthawi yake (JIT)
Njira yongopanga nthawi yongoyambira idachokera ku Japan, ndipo lingaliro lake lalikulu ndikutulutsa zomwe zimafunikira mu kuchuluka komwe kumafunikira pokhapokha pakufunika. Chofunika kwambiri cha njira iyi yopangira ndikutsata njira yopangira popanda kuwerengera, kapena njira yopangira yomwe imachepetsa kuwerengera. Popanga, tiyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa zofunikira, kupanga molingana ndi zomwe tikufuna, ndikutumiza zinthu zambiri zomwe zikufunika pamalopo kuti tipewe zinthu zachilendo.
2. 5S ndi kasamalidwe kazithunzi
5S (Kuphatikiza, kukonza, kuyeretsa, kuyeretsa, kuwerenga ndi kulemba) ndi chida chothandiza pakuwongolera zowonera patsamba, komanso chida chothandizira pakuwongolera luso la ogwira ntchito. Chinsinsi cha kupambana kwa 5S ndi kukhazikika, ndondomeko zomveka bwino zapamalo ndi maudindo omveka bwino, kotero kuti ogwira ntchito amatha kukhala ndi ukhondo wa malowa, pamene akudziwonetsera okha kuti athetse mavuto a malo ndi zipangizo, ndipo pang'onopang'ono ayambe kukhala ndi zizoloŵezi zaukatswiri komanso luso labwino laukadaulo.
3. Kanban Management
Kanban atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yosinthira zidziwitso za kasamalidwe kazomera. Makhadi a Kanban ali ndi zambiri ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Pali mitundu iwiri ya kanban yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: kupanga kanban ndi kutumiza kanban. Kanban ndi yowongoka, yowonekera komanso yosavuta kuyendetsa.
4. Ntchito Yokhazikika (SOP)
Standardization ndiye chida chothandizira kwambiri pakuwongolera bwino komanso kupanga kwapamwamba kwambiri. Pambuyo pa kusanthula kwamtengo wamtengo wapatali wa ndondomeko yopangira, malemba amapangidwa molingana ndi kayendedwe ka sayansi ndi njira zogwirira ntchito. Muyezo siwo maziko a kuweruza kwamtundu wazinthu, komanso maziko ophunzitsira antchito kuti azigwira ntchito moyenera. Miyezo iyi ikuphatikizanso zowonera pamalo, miyezo yoyendetsera zida, milingo yopangira zinthu komanso miyezo yapamwamba yazinthu. Kupanga zowonda kumafuna kuti "zonse zikhale zokhazikika".
5. Full Production Maintenance (TPM)
M'njira yoti mutenge nawo mbali mokwanira, pangani dongosolo la zida zopangidwira bwino, kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa zida zomwe zilipo, kukwaniritsa chitetezo ndi khalidwe lapamwamba, kupewa kulephera, kuti mabizinesi athe kuchepetsa ndalama ndikuwongolera bwino kupanga. Sizimangowonetsa 5S, koma chofunika kwambiri, kusanthula chitetezo cha ntchito ndi kasamalidwe kotetezeka.
6.Gwiritsani ntchito Mapu a Value stream kuti muzindikire zinyalala (VSM)
Kapangidwe kameneka kadzadzadza ndi zinyalala zodabwitsa, Mapu a Value Stream ndiye maziko ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa dongosolo lokhazikika ndikuchotsa zinyalala:
Dziwani komwe zinyalala zimachitika ndikuzindikira mwayi wowongoka;
• Kumvetsetsa zigawo ndi kufunika kwa mitsinje yamtengo wapatali;
• Kutha kujambula "mapu oyambira";
• Zindikirani kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka deta kuti mupindule ndi zojambula zamagulu ndikuyika patsogolo mwayi wopititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa deta.
7. Kukonzekera koyenera kwa mzere wopanga
Mapangidwe osayenera a mzere wa msonkhano amatsogolera kusuntha kosafunikira kwa ogwira ntchito opanga, motero kuchepetsa kupanga bwino. Chifukwa cha kusuntha kosamveka komanso njira yosamveka, ogwira ntchito amanyamula kapena kuyika pansi katatu kapena kasanu. Tsopano kuwunika ndikofunikira, momwemonso kukonza malo. Sungani nthawi ndi khama. Chitani zambiri ndi zochepa.
8. KOKANI kupanga
Zomwe zimatchedwa kukoka ndi kasamalidwe ka Kanban ngati njira, kugwiritsa ntchito "kutenga dongosolo la zinthu" ndiye kuti, pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi malinga ndi "msika" ayenera kutulutsa, kuchepa kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira m'kati mwa ndondomeko yapitayi kuti atenge kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zikuchitika, kuti apange ndondomeko yonse yoyendetsera kukoka, osatulutsa mankhwala oposa chimodzi. JIT iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pakupanga kukoka, ndipo kukoka kachitidwe kachitidwe kachitidwe kachitidwe kowonda. Kutsata zowerengera zero, makamaka njira yabwino kwambiri yokoka kuti mukwaniritse.
9. Kusintha Mwachangu (SMED)
Lingaliro lakusintha mwachangu limatengera njira zofufuzira za magwiridwe antchito ndi uinjiniya wanthawi imodzi, ndi cholinga chochepetsa kuchepa kwa zida pansi pa mgwirizano wamagulu. Posintha mzere wa mankhwala ndikusintha zipangizo, nthawi yotsogolera ikhoza kukakamizidwa kwambiri, ndipo zotsatira za kusintha mofulumira zikuwonekera kwambiri.
Pofuna kuchepetsa kutaya kwa nthawi yodikirira kucheperako, njira yochepetsera nthawi yokonzekera ndikuchotsa pang'onopang'ono ndikuchepetsa ntchito zonse zopanda phindu ndikuzisintha kukhala njira zosamalizidwa. Kupanga zowonda ndikuchotsa zinyalala mosalekeza, kuchepetsa kuwerengera, kuchepetsa zolakwika, kufupikitsa nthawi yopangira zinthu komanso zofunikira zina kuti tikwaniritse, kuchepetsa nthawi yokonzekera ndi imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zomwe zingatithandize kukwaniritsa cholinga ichi.
10. Kupititsa patsogolo Kupititsa patsogolo (Kaizen)
Mukangoyamba kudziwa bwino mtengo, zindikirani mtengo wamtengo wapatali, pangani masitepe opangira mtengo wa chinthu china mosalekeza, ndikulola kasitomala kukokera mtengo kuchokera kubizinesi, matsenga amayamba kuchitika.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-13-2024
